[1] Such sequential threads are called processes throughout the book, but in this section we use the term thread to emphasize their access to shared memory.
[2] Most real processors actually execute a few operations at a time, following a strategy called pipelining. Although this technique greatly improves the effective utilization of the hardware, it is used only to speed up the execution of a sequential instruction stream, while retaining the behavior of the sequential program.
3.4  Concurrency: Time Is of the Essence